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全国著名侨乡泉州利用侨资带动经济起飞,打好“侨牌”,创造“泉州模式”,经济社会发生了翻天覆地的可喜巨变。以 “侨”为基本特征对泉州侨乡百年来的经济发展划分为“侨汇经济”、“侨资经济”、“市场经济”三个时段,并以1952-1990年泉州市侨汇收入占主要经济指标的比例,分析侨汇的重要性。在“侨汇时代”,海外侨亲对国内侨乡不管是经济援助也好,还是情感交流也好,搭起他们之间的桥梁便是“侨批”,这种载体是通过当时的私营侨批业、邮政、中国银行等机构进行传递的,并能部分保留至今。分析归纳侨缘关系公式:“族缘(或血缘)、地缘(乡缘)”+ 侨批 = 侨缘。侨缘这种社会资本在“侨资经济”时代及未来“市场经济”发挥了积极作用。有100多年历史的“侨批”由“水客”个人经营,发展为侨批信局借助于不断完善的邮政技术和银行技术进行分工协作经营,直至1979年归并银行而结束。从经济价值、文化价值、爱国主义教育的生动教材、专家评述四个方面阐述“侨批”研究既有历史价值又有深远的现实意义,因此,建议对现存的侨批信局遗址及“侨批”保护,积极申报国家级文物保护单位或世界记忆遗产,提升侨批文物价值;开辟“闽南侨批文化”旅游专线;联合闽、粤、琼共同将“侨批”作为闽南文化经济圈的重要侨缘史料申报世界记忆遗产。 The Relationship of Development of Economic in Hometown of Overseas Chinese and QiaoPi of South FujianHuang Qinghai – Bank of China Fujian Quanzhou Branch Quanzhou is the famous hometown of overseas Chinese. There are many overseas remittances to help the economic development. In the 20th century, the economy of Quanzhou can be divided three period: Overseas Chinese Remittances Economy, Overseas Chinese Capital Economy, and Market Economy. During 1952 - 1990,the overseas Chinese remittances was the main source of the income in Quanzhou. in the over 100 years.The QiaoPi was the bridge, which connected the overseas Chinese and their hometown. The overseas Chinese Relationship is the ethical relationship and the country relationship add the QiaoPi. The overseas Chinese remitted the money by Overseas Chinese private sector, Chinese Post and China bank before 1950, and left many letters.100 years ago, QiaoPi first operated by the individual, later it was developed rapidly by the overseas Chinese private sector, Chinese Post and China bank, finally it was taken over by the bank in 1979.From the value of economic and cultural, the research of QiaoPi had the historical value and practical significance and far-reaching, so we recommended on the existing site of the Overseas Chinese Affairs Council and QiaoPi, and declared the national heritage or Memory of the World Heritage, enhanced cultural value of QiaoPi, to open up the green tourism of south Fujian of QiaoPi. Joint Fujian and Guangdong, Hainan will be common, "Overseas Chinese" culture should be an important economic circle edge of Overseas Chinese history to declare Memory of the World Heritage. |
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